Give and Take – Complete Guide For Class 3 Math Chapter 12

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Learn how to add and subtract three-digit numbers in this chapter. Recognize the benefits of place value in addition and subtraction. Observe real-world instances, particularly involving money, to make learning enjoyable and useful! You should feel comfortable handling addition and subtraction problems by the end of the class, and you should know how these abilities are applied in everyday situations. Let’s Start with understanding what is give and take.

What Is Give and Take?

Give and Take is a concept from Class 3 Math Chapter 12 that focuses on addition and subtraction, particularly with three-digit numbers. It helps students understand how to give (subtract) or take (add) values in real-life situations, such as handling money or counting objects. By mastering place value and learning to carry over or borrow during calculations, students become skilled in managing both simple and complex arithmetic tasks in their daily lives.

Addition of Three-Digit Numbers

Let’s start understanding the topic addition of three digits from the chapter Give and Take, start with the basic concept: of adding three-digit integers. Three-digit numbers need us to memorize the place value of each digit: ones, tens, and hundreds. Numbers will be added beginning at the one’s place, progressing to the tens place, and finally reaching the hundreds place.  Let’s look at an example:

Example 1: Add 345 and 123.

Step 1: Write the numbers one below the other, keeping the digits in the correct place value columns.

  345

+123

Step 2: Start with the one’s column:

• 5 + 3 = 8

Step 3: Move to the tens column:

• 4 + 2 = 6

Step 4: Now, add the hundreds column:

• 3 + 1 = 4

The final result is 468. So, 345 + 123 = 468.

Carrying Over in Addition

Sometimes, when adding, you may need to carry over to the next place value. Let’s see an example:

Example 2:

Add 487 and 376.

Step 1: Write the numbers:

  487

+376

——

Step 2: Add the ones:

• 7 + 6 = 13. Write 3 in the one’s place and carry over 1 to the tens place.

Step 3: Add the tens (including the carried-over 1):

• 8 + 7 = 15. Add the carried-over 1, so 15 + 1 = 16. Write 6 in the tens place and carry over 1 to the hundreds place.

Step 4: Add the hundreds:

• 4 + 3 = 7. Add the carried-over 1, so 7 + 1 = 8.

The final result is 863. So, 487 + 376 = 863.

Subtraction of Three-Digit Numbers

Just like with addition, as stated in the chapter Give and Take, we can subtract three-digit numbers by focusing on the place value columns – ones, tens, and hundreds. Let’s work through an example:

Example 1:

Subtract 243 from 569.

Step 1: Write the numbers one below the other, aligning the place values.

 569

-243

——

Step 2: Start with the one’s column:

• 9 – 3 = 6

Step 3: Move to the tens column:

• 6 – 4 = 2

Step 4: Now, subtract the hundreds column:

• 5 – 2 = 3

The final result is 326. So, 569 – 243 = 326.

Borrowing in Subtraction:

Sometimes in subtraction, we need to borrow from the next place value if the top digit is smaller than the bottom one. Let’s see an example:

Example 2:

Subtract 175 from 432.

Step 1: Write the numbers:

 432

-175

——

Step 2: Start with the ones:

• 2 – 5. Since 2 is smaller than 5, we need to borrow. Borrow 1 from the tens place, making the 2 become 12. Now subtract 12 – 5 = 7.

Step 3: Move to the tens column:

• After borrowing, the tens digit in 432 is now 2 (since we borrowed 1). So, subtract 2 – 7. Again, 2 is smaller than 7, so borrow from hundreds of places. The 2 becomes 12, and 12 – 7 = 5.

Step 4: Finally, subtract the hundreds:

• After borrowing, the hundreds digit is now 3. So, 3 – 1 = 2.

The final result is 257. So, 432 – 175 = 257.

Real-Life Examples of Addition Using Money

Now, let’s explore the concepts of Give and Take further by understanding how we can use addition in real life, especially when it comes to money. Imagine you are at a shop, buying items, and you want to calculate the total cost.

Example 1:

You go to a toy shop and buy:

• A toy car for ₹250.
• A board game for ₹175.

How much money do you need to pay in total?

Step 1: Write the costs as numbers:

  250

+175

——

Step 2: Add the ones:

• 0 + 5 = 5

Step 3: Add the tens:

• 5 + 7 = 12. Write 2 in the tens place and carry over 1 to the hundreds.

Step 4: Add the hundreds:

• 2 + 1 = 3. Add the carried-over 1, so 3 + 1 = 4.

The total cost is ₹425. So, you need to pay ₹425 for both the toy car and the board game.

Example 2:

You want to buy a book for ₹320 and a chocolate box for ₹140. How much will it cost altogether?

Step 1: Write the numbers:

  320

+140

——

Step 2: Add the ones:

• 0 + 0 = 0

Step 3: Add the tens:

• 2 + 4 = 6

Step 4: Add the hundreds:

• 3 + 1 = 4

So, the total cost is ₹460.

Real-Life Examples of Subtraction Using Money

Now, further in the chapter Give and Take, let’s see how subtraction is used in real life when dealing with money. Imagine you have a certain amount of money, and you spend some. Subtraction helps you figure out how much money you have left.

Example 1:

You have ₹500. You spend ₹320 on a new school bag. How much money do you have left?

Step 1: Write the amounts:

 500

-320

——

Step 2: Subtract the ones:

• 0 – 0 = 0

Step 3: Subtract the tens:

• 0 – 2. Since 0 is smaller than 2, we need to borrow from hundreds of places. The hundreds digit becomes 4, and we subtract 10 – 2 = 8.

Step 4: Subtract the hundreds:

• 4 – 3 = 1

So, you have ₹180 left.

Example 2:

You have ₹750. You buy a pair of shoes for ₹495. How much money do you have left?

Step 1: Write the amounts:

 750

-495

——

Step 2: Subtract the ones:

• 0 – 5. Since 0 is smaller than 5, borrow from the tens place. The tens digit becomes 4, and 10 – 5 = 5.

Step 3: Subtract the tens:

• 4 – 9. Again, borrow from hundreds of places. The hundreds digit becomes 6, and 14 – 9 = 5.

Step 4: Subtract the hundreds:

• 6 – 4 = 2

So, you have ₹255 left.

Place Value Using Addition and Subtraction

Understanding place value is essential in both addition and subtraction and to overall understand the chapter Give And Take. Let’s explore how place value works.

Place Value in Addition:

When you add numbers, you always start from the one’s place and move to the tens and hundreds places. Each place represents a different value:

• The ones place represents units (1 to 9).
• The tens place represents groups of ten (10, 20, 30, and so on).
• The hundreds place represents groups of one hundred (100, 200, 300, and so on).

Example:

Add 386 and 214.

  386

+214

——

• Add the ones: 6 + 4 = 10. Write 0, and carry over 1 to the tens.
• Add the tens: 8 + 1 = 9. Add the carried-over 1, so 9 + 1 = 10. Write 0, and carry over 1 to the hundreds.
• Add the hundreds: 3 + 2 = 5. Add the carried-over 1, so 5 + 1 = 6.

The result is 600.

Place Value in Subtraction

In subtraction, you also work with place value, starting from the one’s place. If a digit in the top number is smaller than the bottom number, you borrow from the next place value.

Example:

Subtract 127 from 356.

 356

-127

——

• Subtract the ones: 6 – 7. Borrow from the tens. 16 – 7 = 9.
• Subtract the tens: 4 – 2 = 2.
• Subtract the hundreds: 3 – 1 = 2.

The result was 229.

Conclusion

We have learned how to add and subtract three-digit numbers in the chapter Give and Take.

The significance of place value in addition and subtraction, examples of addition and subtraction in real life, particularly with money. We can discover the total by adding, and the difference, or how much is left, by subtracting. Gaining an understanding of these ideas will benefit you in everyday life as well as in math classes. Examples of these situations include budgeting, time management, and shopping.

In conclusion, the Give and Take chapter for Class 3 Math teaches essential skills for adding and subtracting three-digit numbers, with a strong focus on understanding place value. Through this chapter, you not only learn the core concepts of addition and subtraction but also see how these skills apply to real-life situations, particularly with money.

Mastering the concepts from Give and Take – Class 3 Math Chapter 12 will help you confidently solve math problems and tackle everyday challenges like shopping, budgeting, and more. So, as you complete Give and Take for Class 3 Math, remember how these valuable lessons will serve you in both math class and in practical life. Keep practicing, and soon, adding and subtracting will become second nature!