How the State Government Works – Complete Guide For Class 7 Social Science Chapter 3

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The chapter “How the State Government Works” is fundamental to understanding the structure and functioning of state governance. It explores the roles and responsibilities of state governments, the key players like MLAs and the Chief Minister, and the legislative process that governs the state. This knowledge lays the foundation for understanding how the state government operates and its impact on the daily lives of citizens. Through the chapter – How the State Government Works, you’ll gain a deeper insight into how decisions are made and implemented at the state level.

We know that governance works at three levels – local, state, and central. Let us learn about state-level governance in this chapter.

What is State Government?

When trying to learn How the State Government Works, it’s important to understand what is a state government. The state government is the governing authority responsible for administering and managing public policies, services, and laws within a specific state in a country.

Every state in a democratic nation has a government that keeps a record of what, when, where, and what rules are to be made in that state, which can be called the functions of state governance. 

Who is an MLA?

The chapter How the State Government Works also discusses what is an MLA. Here’s how

Every state in India has a Vidhan Sabha. States are divided into many areas based on size. Which is known as ‘constituencies’. A representative is elected from each constituency. The person elected from the region of the state becomes a member of the Legislative Assembly i.e. MLA. MLA (Member of Legislative Assembly) is a prominent member elected by the people of the area who represent them to solve the problems of the people.

Let us now know how these MLAs become Chief Ministers-

The party whose MLAs win from more than half of the constituencies is considered to have a majority, after which the leader is elected and made the Chief Minister.

Chief Minister and MLAs

It is the responsibility of the Chief Minister and other ministers to run the various departments or ministries of the government. They have separate offices. The Vidhan Sabha is a place where all the MLAs, whether they are from the ruling party or the opposition party, gather to discuss various subjects. In this way, some MLAs have dual responsibility – one as an MLA and the other as a minister.

MLA is a member of the Legislative Assembly so let us now understand the Powers and functions of the Legislative Assembly

Powers and functions of the Legislative Assembly

The Legislative Assembly has mainly two types of powers. These are legislative and financial powers.

• Legislative power: The subjects of administration are divided into three lists. These are the Union List, State List, and Concurrent List. The Vidhan Sabha makes laws for subjects mentioned in the State List and the Concurrent List.
• Financial Power: The Vidhan Sabha can pass the state budget, and money bills, allow the imposition of taxes, and fix the salaries of the members of the state legislature. Money bills are always introduced in the Vidhan Sabha.

How a bill becomes a law

There are two types of bills: money bills and non-money bills. Money bills are introduced in the Vidhan Sabha and non-money bills can be introduced in the Vidhan Sabha or Vidhan Parishad. There are three stages for a bill to be passed.

1. First Stage: In this stage, the bill is introduced and its title is read out to the members.
2. Second Stage: The House refers the bill to select committees where detailed discussions take place. This is called the second reading.
3. Third Stage: In the third reading the bill goes to the other House and the same procedure is followed.

After the stipulated time of 3 months, the bill is considered passed by both the Houses. Finally, it goes for the assent of the Governor. It can delay the bill only for 14 days but it must be passed in the Legislative Assembly after 14 days. In the case of money bills, the Legislative Council can make recommendations.

Let’s go further into the chapter ‘How the State Government Works’ Social Sciences for Class 7th Let’s now address the question of the hour.

How The State Government Works?

The state government operates through a well-defined structure, with the Chief Minister at the helm, supported by a Council of Ministers. Each minister oversees a specific department, such as Public Works, Agriculture, Health, or Education, ensuring that decisions are made to address the needs and development of the state in these areas.

Decisions taken by the Council of Ministers are first reviewed and then presented in the Vidhan Sabha (State Legislative Assembly). Here, these decisions undergo discussion and voting, ensuring they align with the needs and expectations of the public. Only after being approved by the Vidhan Sabha can these decisions be implemented, making this process crucial for transparent and democratic governance.

For instance, if a new healthcare policy is proposed, it must first receive approval from the Health Minister, followed by deliberation and a vote in the Vidhan Sabha, before being enacted to improve health services across the state. This process of checks and balances allows for accountability and effective governance at the state level.

Let’s Conclude

In conclusion, the chapter “How the State Government Works” for Class 7th Social Science provides essential insights into the functioning of the state government. Understanding the roles of MLAs, the Chief Minister, and the Legislative Assembly helps students grasp how laws are made and how governance operates at the state level. From the introduction of bills to their passage as laws, the chapter emphasizes the importance of discussions, debates, and approvals within the Vidhan Sabha, ensuring that decisions are made democratically and transparently.

This foundational knowledge of how the state government works equips you with a deeper understanding of the responsibilities of elected representatives and the processes that shape state-level governance. Whether you’re revisiting key concepts or preparing for exams, the engaging resources provided by iPrep for this chapter make learning both comprehensive and enjoyable. Keep exploring and learning about “How the State Government Works” to build a solid foundation in Social Science for Class 7th!