Ways to Multiply and Divide – Complete Guide For Class 5 Math Chapter 13

Welcome to iPrep, your Learning Super App. Our learning resources for the chapter, Ways to Multiply and Divide in Mathematics for Class 5th are designed to ensure that you grasp this concept with clarity and perfection. Whether you’re studying for an upcoming exam or strengthening your concepts, our engaging animated videos, practice questions and notes offer you the best of integrated learning with interesting explanations and examples. 

The chapter Ways to Multiply and Divide introduces students to practical methods of multiplication and division through engaging examples and activities. It emphasizes the importance of understanding patterns in multiplication and using various techniques, such as the distributive property, to simplify calculations. Through fun-filled exercises, such as story problems and tricks with numbers, students explore how multiplication and division are applied in everyday situations, helping them strengthen their problem-solving skills.

The chapter encourages students to explore patterns, break down large numbers, and cross-check answers to ensure accuracy, making multiplication and division more accessible and enjoyable. 

Ways to Multiply and Divide

The chapter “Ways to Multiply and Divide” introduces students to different methods for performing multiplication and division. By the end of the chapter, students will understand that there are many ways to solve problems efficiently and that multiplication and division are important in daily life.

Multiplication through Stories: Maniratnam the Cashier

In this part of the chapter Ways to Multiply and Divide, students are introduced to Maniratnam, the cashier of King Jayan, who is responsible for calculating the salaries of all the workers. 

For example:

Maniratnam is calculating the cook’s salary for the month of January. The daily salary of the cook is ₹ 60. The month of January has 31 days, so Maniratnam needs to calculate: ₹ 60 × 31

Solution: Maniratnam can break the multiplication down into easier steps:

• 60 × 30 = ₹ 1800
• 60 × 1 = ₹ 60 

 Thus, the total salary for the month is: 1800 + 60 = ₹ 1860

Another Method of Multiplication: Bela’s Strategy

Bela, Maniratnam’s daughter, learned another way to solve multiplication problems. 

She breaks the numbers into parts. For example, if you need to multiply 65 by 31, it can be broken down like this: 65 × (30 + 1) 

Now solve the parts:

• 65 × 30 = 1950
• 65 × 1 = 65

 Then add them: 1950+65=2015

This method shows how breaking down large numbers can make multiplication easier.

Practice Exercise: Multiplication of Wages

The chapter “Ways of Multiplication and Division” comes with a practice exercise where we learn various ways of multiplication and division with the help of multiplication of wages. Let’s have a look.

Imagine Bhanu, another worker, wants to calculate his salary for 31 days. His daily wage is ₹ 195. Students are asked to find their salary: 195 × 31

Solution: This can be broken down using Bela’s method: 

• 195 × 30 = ₹ 5850
• 195 × 1 = ₹ 195

 Thus, the total salary is: 5850 + 195 = ₹ 6045

Fun with Multiplication – Let’s Explore Patterns and Numbers

In the chapter Ways to Multiply and Divide, students not only learn about multiplication but also get to explore interesting patterns that emerge from simple calculations. Take a look at this example where multiplication with the number 9 creates a magical pattern:

• (0 × 9) + 1 = 1
• (1 × 9) + 2 = 11
• (12 × 9) + 3 = 111
• (123 × 9) + 4 = ___
• (1234 × 9) + 5 = ___
• (12345 × 9) + 6 = ___

Can you see the pattern forming? Try completing the rest and take the sequence forward!

Another Interesting Problem: Finding the Values of a, b, c

In another activity from the chapter “Ways to Multiply and Divide”, you are asked to figure out the numbers represented by the letters a, b, and c in this multiplication puzzle:

When a = 1, can you find what numbers b and c will be? This puzzle not only improves your multiplication skills but also helps you think critically and look for patterns.

Tricks with Your Age – Fun Multiplication Game

An interesting trick introduced in the chapter is Tricks with Your Age. In this activity, students follow simple steps to calculate their age using multiplication and division, creating a sense of wonder around mathematical calculations:

1. Write your age.
2. Multiply it by 7.
3. Multiply the result by 13.
4. Multiply again by 11.

Now look at your last answer! Can you find your age hidden in that number?

This trick helps students see how multiplication can be used in fun ways, turning math into an exciting game.

Application: Solving Real-Life Problems

In another example, the class is tasked with determining how much wheat is needed to feed a village if each person requires 2 kg of wheat per week. If the village has 300 people, you can multiply 2 × 300 = 600 kg of wheat per week.

If they need to stock up for 4 weeks, the equation becomes 600 × 4 = 2400 kg of wheat.

Learn Division with Fun Activity 

The children are happy today. They are celebrating Children’s Day. Each child will be given 4 colored pencils from school. The school has got 969 pencils. To find out how many children can get pencils the teacher asks them to divide. 

An interactive way to learn Division

Exploring Division: Farm Production Example

The chapter  Ways to Multiply and Divide also covers how to divide larger numbers. For instance, if a farm produces 2400 kg of wheat in 4 months, you can calculate the monthly production: 2400÷4 = 600 kg of wheat per month.

If the farm operates for 10 months, the yearly production would be 600 × 10 = 6000 kg of wheat per year.

More Learning with Different Kinds of Stories

Satish’s Story – Real-Life Application of Multiplication

As mentioned in class 5 math chapter 13 – Ways to Multiply and Divide, Satish is a 13-year-old boy whose father had taken a loan for farming. Unfortunately, the crops failed, and now Satish’s mother has to pay ₹5000 every month for the loan. To help his family, Satish started working by looking after 17 goats in the village, earning ₹1 per day for each goat.

Let’s solve Satish’s problem together:

• Daily Earning: Satish earns ₹ 1 for each goat, and there are 17 goats.
  • So, Satish earns ₹ 17 each day (1 × 17).
• Monthly Earning: There are 30 days in a month.
  • In one month, Satish earns ₹ 17 × 30 = ₹ 510.

Does Satish earn enough to help pay the loan?

No, Satish only earns ₹510 each month, but the loan requires ₹5000 per month. This shows that although Satish works hard, it is not enough to cover the entire loan payment.

How much will Satish earn in one year?

To find the yearly earnings, multiply the monthly earnings by 12:

• ₹ 510 × 12 = ₹ 6120.

Through Satish’s story, students learn the concept of multiplication in real-life scenarios and understand how important it is to manage finances. 

This example demonstrates that even though hard work contributes, careful planning and a bigger strategy are sometimes needed to meet financial obligations.

Hands-on Activities

Now let us further go deeper into the chapter Ways to Multiply and Divide from class 5 math and understand the concepts with Hands-on Activities.

• A baby elephant drinks around 12 L of milk every day. How much milk will it drink in years?

To solve this, we need to calculate the total amount of milk a baby elephant drinks in one year.

              1 year = 365 days (assuming it’s not a leap year)

If the baby elephant drinks 12 liters of milk every day, the total milk consumed in a year is 12 liters/day × 365 days = 4380 liters/year.

OR 

• Students can calculate how much water is consumed in a month if they know the daily water usage. 

If a family uses 10 liters of water per day, in one month (30 days), they would use: 10 × 30 = 300 liters of water per month.

Cross Check for Harisharan – Understanding Multiplication and Division

In the story “Cross Check for Harisharan,” from the chapter “Ways to Multiply and Divide” we learn how to verify the accuracy of division by using both multiplication and division methods.

In the story of Harisharan, we are introduced to an important concept: verifying your division using multiplication. Hariharan had to divide ₹ 2,456 among his four sons. Initially, he divided the amount incorrectly. By cross-checking his division through multiplication, he realized his mistake and corrected it.

Harisharan’s Approach:

1. He tried to divide ₹ 2,456 by 4.
2. After getting a result, he multiplied the quotient by 4 to ensure it was correct.

What did Harisharan learn?

By multiplying the result of a division problem, we can always verify if our division was done correctly. This process of cross-checking through reverse calculation helps in avoiding mistakes.

Example for Students:

• Problem: Divide ₹ 2,456 by 4.
• Solution:
  • Perform the division: ₹ 2,456 ÷ 4 = ₹ 614.
  • Now, to cross-check, multiply ₹ 614 × 4 = ₹ 2,456, confirming the answer is correct.

This real-world scenario teaches students the importance of verifying their division results, ensuring accuracy in calculations.

Let’s Conclude

CBSE Class 5th Math, Chapter 13 – Ways to Multiply and Divide equips students with essential mathematical skills in a fun and practical manner. Through engaging stories and real-life examples, students learn various strategies for multiplication and division, helping them break down complex problems with ease. This chapter not only emphasizes accuracy but also introduces methods to cross-check results for better understanding.

As students explore different ways to multiply and divide, they gain confidence in solving everyday problems, reinforcing their foundational skills. With practice, the techniques learned in CBSE Class 5th Math, Chapter 13 – Ways to Multiply and Divide become second nature, allowing students to approach future math challenges with clarity.

By the end of CBSE Class 5th Math, Chapter 13 – Ways to Multiply and Divide, students will have developed a strong understanding of these crucial operations, ready to apply their knowledge to more advanced concepts.